Do small changes in solar activity translate into climate change on our planet? One possible linkage to global climate is the Sun's influence over the local flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCR); as the solar magnetic field gets stronger, fewer cosmic rays are able to penetrate through to the inner solar system and Earth. And because the GCR are the biggest ionizer of air molecules in the lower atmosphere, they might play a role in processes like cloud formation.
Heliopause is the boundary of the solar system. It is the area where particles of the solar wind meet particles from other stars. In this image the size of the Sun and planets is greatly exaggerated. (The distance of the heliopause from the Sun is estimated at 100 AU or more.)
